THE ROLE OF THE TATAR ENLIGHTENMENT IN THE REFORMIST MOVEMENTS IN THE EMIRATE OF BUKHARA

Abstract

This article describes the analysis of the scientific and philosophical activities of the Tatar intellectuals in Turkestan, especially in Bukhara, the promotion of their reformist ideas, and the opinions on reforming education and religion. The active participation of Tatars in the socio-political and cultural life of Turkestan is clearly visible from the second half of the 19th century. In this regard, the services of famous Tatar scholars Utuz-Imyani (1754-1834), Abu Nasr Kursavi (1776-1812), Shahabuddin Marjani (1818-1889) are of special importance. Utuz-Imyani Tatar poet, scientist, religious leader and pedagogue. While studying Sufism at the Maghoki Attar Mosque in Bukhara, he discovered a lost copy of the ancient Koran (known as the Usman Koran), which, according to legend in the Islamic world, belonged to the third caliph, Usman ibn Affan, is engaged in restoration of parts. Honored by his contemporaries Musa Begiev, Ziya Kamoli and Reza Fakhriddinov as "the Plato of his time", "Herodotus of Tatarstan", Shahabuddin Marjani developed his ideas on the reform of Islam and education in the middle of the 19th century and took practical actions. Kursavi, who studied at the Bukhara madrasa, developed his own program for reforming the Bukhara education system. Kursawi believes that the main way to change the society is to put an end to the new procedures that later entered Islam, to return the Holy Koran and the Sunnah as the main source of faith, and to restore the rights of Muslim theological experts.